{"id":162992,"date":"2025-11-27T16:56:06","date_gmt":"2025-11-27T16:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/?p=162992"},"modified":"2025-12-02T09:21:50","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T09:21:50","slug":"how-to-build-solar-plus-storage-project-us-superfund-site","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/how-to-build-solar-plus-storage-project-us-superfund-site\/","title":{"rendered":"How to build a solar-plus-storage project on a US Superfund site"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Prareek
‘Superfund sites, landfills [and] brownfields have been around \u2026 for a long while, because everyone is trying to make use of land that is unusable.’ Image: Distributed Energy Infrastructure.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

In the US state of Massachusetts, solar PV has become a part of the land rehabilitation process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the 1950s, a chemical processing plant owned by W. R. Grace dumped \u201ceffluent waste\u201d in lagoons around Acton, eastern Massachusetts, leading to the eventual closure of the plant and the designation of the area as a Superfund site by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a list of polluted sites in need of rehabilitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Earlier this month<\/a>, US independent power producer (IPP) Syncarpha Capital and engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) firm Distributed Energy Infrastructure (DEI) completed construction work at the Acton project on the site, combining 7.1MW of solar PV capacity and a co-located 4.1MW battery energy storage system (BESS). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This week, the project cleared the final milestone, receiving permission from local utility Eversource to enter operation and completing the area\u2019s rehabilitation from chemical plant to polluted brownfield site to renewable energy project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Acton has successfully passed witness testing with Eversource for both PV and ESS circuits, and has received permission to operate at full capacity,\u201d Prateek Tare, EVP and founder at DEI tells PV Tech Premium<\/em> exclusively this week. \u201cAs the project begins post-energisation commissioning and testing to achieve substantial completion, we’re proud to have safely and responsibly brought this site back to life.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The successful transformation of a Superfund site to a functional solar-plus-storage project that is a contributor of major significance to the brownfield power generation industry is good news for the US solar sector, which is aiming to significantly expand its operational capacity in the coming years, and will require far more land, and a far wider variety of land types, in order to realise these goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Working on a Superfund site<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tare describes Superfund sites as \u201cextremely sensitive\u201d, and suggests that considerable time and attention is required for an EPC to install a solar project on land with such a designation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGenerally, projects like these are extremely sensitive,\u201d he says. \u201cThey go through years of review before they come to fruition, so they\u2019re sensitive with neighbours, towns and everyone. With Acton, the fact that it was a Superfund site added three or four more parties \u2026 specifically for health and safety.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The presence of these additional parties, which include local authorities such as the Acton town planning board and the federal-level EPA, meant that the process for securing permits for the project was not necessarily more complicated, but more involved, as there were more parties to satisfy prior to the start of construction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGenerally, for EPC practice, we have a health and safety programme, and then we create a site-specific safety plan and an environment plan for that site,\u201d he explains. \u201cWhen it comes to Superfund sites like Acton, you\u2019ve got the town planning board, the town conservation board, the town health board, the facility itself, the state\u2014Mass DEP\u2014and then federal\u2014which is EPA\u2014and all their consultants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cA lot of it is logical\u2014there\u2019s a lot of overlap sometimes in the logic\u2014but they all have their own requirements; one says \u2018test the soil every 300 cubic yards\u2019, one will say \u2018500 yards\u2019, so you\u2019ve got to go through that whole programme and spend a lot of effort to figure out how you\u2019re going to do the job months and months before you set foot on site.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tare ads that DEI worked with \u201ca third party\u201d in addition to the various levels of permitting organisations, to audit the company\u2019s own work and make sure that it was completing work to as high a standard as possible. He says that while construction at the Acton project only took about six months, working on brownfield sites in general, and Superfund sites in particular, can add to the project construction time as working at these sites tends to create more moving parts for an EPC to work through.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cYou might not be able to do it at the pace that you do [for] regular greenfield sites,\u201d he explains. \u201cEvery agency has the right intent in mind, and obviously they have the plans in place, but there are so many cooks in the kitchen, so to speak, [and] there\u2019s only enough hours in the day to be on top of things to make sure that the project keeps moving because the project has deadlines.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Responding to the discovery of asbestos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

While the Superfund label brings additional complexities for project development, Tare notes that this was not the most challenging aspect of working on the Acton project. Indeed, even pollution stemming from the site\u2019s original use as a chemicals plant was not a significant challenge, as DEI completed testing for poisonous gases in the area \u201cevery day\u201d, and found nothing to impede its work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Instead, Tare says that the discovery of asbestos underground, while excavating the site, was a surprise that necessitated the most remedial action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI\u2019d never done asbestos cleaning before,\u201d he says, highlighting the relative rarity of unexpected asbestos pollution at a solar site. \u201cI know what it is \u2026 but as an EPC this was my first experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThere was a possibility\u2014the documents in our due diligence told us that something could come up eventually\u2014so as soon as we saw there was something here, we had the third party consultants, the testing consultants and the people who make the plan [and] we knew who we were going to go to as soon as something happened.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tare goes on to say that responding to the presence of asbestos did not require wholesale reconsideration of the project, but making smaller changes to the placement of electrical components and wires, putting them above ground to eliminate the need for digging into soil contaminated with asbestos to install them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also, looking more long-term, this placement removed the need for operations and maintenance (O&M) staff to get close to asbestos-polluted land to complete their work, as they can instead perform routine checks from the relative safety of ground level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGenerally you try to design your way around [the challenges],\u201d he says. \u201cOnce you have built the plant, your disturbance activities are done \u2026 so for this project we put everything above ground and put our wires in such a way that everything is above ground and visible to the O&M folks, the ones who are going to maintain this facility for 20-30 years.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHere, because there was no gas issue\u2014it was a physical material issue\u2014material selection wasn\u2019t a big deal. We were designing for mostly above ground, you\u2019re designing for a code and an engineering standard for that, but the pollution-specific point wasn\u2019t an issue.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tare points out that actually removing the asbestos, to the point where planned work could continue, took just three days, compared to \u201csix or seven months\u201d to get the plans approved by all of the various stakeholders and government authorities involved in permitting the project, showing how the discovery of asbestos created a greater bureaucratic challenge than a purely engineering one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conversely, he notes that dealing with \u201cabandoned buildings\u201d at the site proved to be a greater engineering challenge than dealing with the asbestos. While the buildings themselves had been removed, many of their underground foundations remained in place, limiting the options for the deployment of components that had to be buried underground, such as racking units.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The appeal of brownfield sites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ultimately, DEI\u2019s work can largely be considered a success. The project has reached commercial operation, and despite delays in the construction work caused by the asbestos issue, Tare notes that Eversource gave the company a fairly \u201cbroad\u201d timeline in which to connect the project to the grid, meaning that these delays were not critical to the project\u2019s operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This success raises a question, then, as to whether other brownfield sites, and even Superfund sites, should be considered appropriate land for new solar PV installations as the US looks to dramatically increase its operational solar capacity. The trade body, the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), expects the US to add 246GW of new capacity between 2025 and 2030, meaning more land will need to be given over to solar deployments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The demand for new land for solar projects has also encouraged development of technologies to make better use of land, even water, not considered idea for solar project deployment. In <\/a>A<\/a>ugust<\/a>, Noria started construction at the first US floating PV (FPV) project to use trackers, as developers look to install solar capacity on water as well as land, and in September<\/a>, Sol Systems completed construction at an agrivoltaics (agriPV) project in Illinois, with agriPV emerging as an efficient way to deploy PV projects without compromising other land uses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSuperfund sites, landfills [and] brownfields have been around \u2026 for a long while, because everyone is trying to make use of land that is unusable,\u201d explains Tare, suggesting that the growing demand for solar capacity will require the deployment of solar projects on a greater range of land types, including brownfield and Superfund sites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, he notes that there are likely to be \u201ccommercial risks\u201d associated with deployments on brownfield sites that are absent in other project types, as it will cost a developer time and money to dig into an area such as a landfill to properly assess the construction risks present at the site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe risks are on the developer, which is there on any project, but [is] a bit more nuanced with these brownfield sites, as you\u2019re not working with virgin land so you\u2019re potentially going to find stuff at the project,\u201d says Tare. \u201cThat\u2019s why they take so much longer to perform [inspection] too.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yet there is cause for optimism, as the demand for new solar projects, and the fact that, according to Tare, brownfield developments neatly sidestep some of the local opposition that can hamper greenfield developments, could generate waves of support for a new generation of solar projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe good thing is that everyone wants to use the sites,\u201d he says. \u201c[We don\u2019t have] some of the constraints that we have with regular farmland or sites in a town, as people generally don\u2019t come up and say: \u2018Hey, don\u2019t take this land away!\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prateek Tare tells PV Tech Premium how Distributed Energy Infrastructure transformed a Superfund site into the Acton PV-plus-storage project.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":165,"featured_media":162993,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,4],"tags":[13665,830,13667,13666,512,1024,1714,8700,13664,4765,79],"paywall-tags":[8671],"regions":[29],"industry-segments":[9,23,19],"class_list":["post-162992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-features","category-interviews","tag-acton","tag-americas","tag-asbestos","tag-distriubted-energy-infrastructure","tag-epc","tag-om","tag-projects","tag-solar-plus-storage-2","tag-superfund","tag-syncarpha-capital","tag-us","paywall-tags-premium","regions-americas","industry-segments-power-plants","industry-segments-projects","industry-segments-storage"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to build a solar-plus-storage project on a US Superfund site - PV Tech<\/title>\n<meta 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